Insights

Last week, global economic updates reflected both momentum and headwinds. US inflation eased and business activity strengthened, Eurozone and India saw manufacturing gains, while China and Japan reported uneven growth.

Uncertainties and vulnerabilities remain across geopolitical, fiscal, and trade domains. Importantly, the core reasons for considering alternative assets such as gold, as outline in our May report, remain largely unchanged. 

Last week presented a mixed global macro picture. US-China trade tensions eased. The US government shutdown continued.

Gold continues its extraordinary price rally, having reached 48 all-time highs this year. Geopolitical tensions, strong investment demand, dollar weakness, financial market risk and expectations of dovish Fed policy lifted international prices by 11.6% in September and by an additional 7.9% in the first two weeks of October, pushing past the US$4,000/oz milestone.

Supported by reviving investment strength and relatively more active retailer replenishment, wholesale gold demand in China rebounded during September. Meanwhile, the PBoC announced its 11th consecutive monthly gold purchase and Chinese gold ETF flows turned positive.

In this episode of Unearthed, hosts John Reade and Joseph Cavatoni, Senior Market Strategists at the World Gold Council, discuss the current state of the gold market.

Last week was a rollercoaster of highs and lows. Israel and Hamas agreed a peace plan, while USChina trade tensions re-escalated.

Gold reached another historic milestone on 8 October 2025 as it broke through US$4,000/oz. And while it finished the week below the record high, it’s en route to mark its strongest performance in a calendar year since 1979.

More mixed data across the globe last week with US PMIs at loggerheads over whether the economy is reflating or stagflating. 

Central banks added a net 19t to global gold reserves in August, based on reported data from both the IMF and respective central banks. This is broadly in line with monthly net purchases between March and June, and signals a return to buying form after global reserves were unchanged in July.

Last week saw a mixed bag of PMI data: US, UK and India all softer but all remain in expansion territory. 

Last week saw a mix of central bank actions. The US Fed cut 25bps as expected yet with a less dovish tone while the BOE held rates unchanged and slowed its QT.

Gold prices regains momentum, hits new records; discounts narrow in India. Investment demand steers festive gold buying revival.

Global physically backed gold ETFs saw inflows three months in a row, adding US$5.5bn in August. North American and European funds led inflows while Asia experienced continued outflows. Supported by continued inflows and a higher gold price, global gold ETFs’ total AUM rose 5% to US$407bn, another month-end record. Meanwhile, holdings rebounded 53t to 3,692t.

Last week saw a blend of inflation trends and political challenges. In the US, mixed inflation data, cooling labor markets, and weakening consumer sentiment kept expectations of a Fed rate cut in place. 

In this episode of Unearthed, hosts John Reade and Joseph Cavatoni, Senior Market Strategists at the World Gold Council, examine the forces driving gold to fresh record highs – from tariff clarity in the US to renewed investor demand and shifting interest rate expectations.

Last week's releases highlighted a softening U.S. labor market, reinforcing expectations for rate cuts.

Global central banks bought net 10t in July based on reported data, a moderate net allocation compared to previous months. Despite this slower pace of net buying, central banks continue to be net buyers of gold even in the current price range. 

Last week was dominated by concerns over Fed independence and uneven global economic momentum.

Last week, the US Fed signaled potential rate cuts amid mixed economic signals. The US labor market softened while business activity and housing data surprised on the upside.